138
King Jayabahu I
Kingdom of Polonnaruwa
1110 AC - 1111 AC
1110 AC - 1111 AC
King Vijaya
543 BC-505 BC
King Panduvasdeva
504 BC-474 BC
King Abhaya
474 BC-454 BC
King Tissa
454 BC-437 BC
King Pandukabhaya
437 BC-367 BC
King Mutasiva
367 BC-307 BC
King Devanampiya Tissa
307 BC-267 BC
King Uttiya
267 BC-257 BC
King Mahasiva
257 BC-247 BC
King Suratissa
247 BC-237 BC
Sena and Guttika
237 BC-215 BC
King Asela
215 BC-205 BC
King Elara
205 BC-161 BC
King Dutugemunu
161 BC-137 BC
King Saddha Tissa
137 BC-119 BC
King Thulatthana
119 BC-119 BC
King Lajjithissa
119 BC-109 BC
King Khallata Naga
109 BC-103 BC
King Walagamba
89 BC-76 BC
King Pulahaththa
103 BC-100 BC
King Bhahiya
100 BC-98 BC
King Panayamara
98 BC-91 BC
King Piliyamara
91 BC-91 BC
King Dathiya
91 BC-89 BC
King Mahachulikamahathissa
76 BC-62 BC
King Choranaga
62 BC-50 BC
King Kuda Thissa
50 BC-47 BC
King Siva I
47 BC-45 BC
King Vatuka
45 BC-44 BC
King Darubhatika Tissa
44 BC-43 BC
King Neeliya
43 BC-43 BC
Queen Anula
43 BC-42 BC
King Kutikanna Tissa
42 BC-19 BC
King Bhathikabhaya
19 BC-9 AC
King Mahadatika Mahanaga
9 AC-22 AC
King Amandagamani Abhaya
22 AC-31 AC
King Kanirajanu Tissa
31 AC-34 AC
King Chulabhaya
34 AC-35 AC
Queen Seevali
35 AC-35 AC
King Ilanaga
39 AC-44 AC
King Chandra Mukha Siva
44 AC-52 AC
King Yassalalaka Thissa
52 AC-59 AC
King Subha
59 AC-65 AC
King Vasabha
65 AC-109 AC
King Vankanasika Tissa
109 AC-112 AC
King Gajabahu I
112 AC-134 AC
King Mahallaka Naga
134 AC-140 AC
King Bhathika Thissa
140 AC-164 AC
King Kanitta Tissa
164 AC-192 AC
King Kujjanaga
192 AC-194 AC
King Kudda Naga
194 AC-195 AC
King Sirinaga I
195 AC-214 AC
King Voharika Tissa
214 AC-236 AC
King Abhaya Naga
236 AC-244 AC
King Sirinaga II
244 AC-246 AC
King Vijaya Kumara
246 AC-247 AC
King Sangha Tissa I
247 AC-251 AC
King Siri Sangha Bodhi I
251 AC-253 AC
King Gotabhaya
253 AC-266 AC
King Jetta Tissa I
266 AC-276 AC
King Mahasen
276 AC-303 AC
King Kithsirimewan
303 AC-331 AC
King Jetta Tissa II
331 AC-340 AC
King Buddhadasa
340 AC-368 AC
King Upatissa I
368 AC-410 AC
King Mahanama
410 AC-432 AC
King Soththisena
432 AC-432 AC
King Jaththagahaka Janthu
432 AC-433 AC
King Miththasena
432 AC-433 AC
King Pandu
433 AC-438 AC
King Parinda
438 AC-441 AC
King Kuda Parinda
441 AC-456 AC
King Thirithara
456 AC-456 AC
King Datiya II
456 AC-459 AC
King Peetiya
459 AC-459 AC
King Dhathusena
459 AC-477 AC
King Kassapa I
477 AC-495 AC
King Mugalan I
495 AC-512 AC
King Kumaradasa
512 AC-520 AC
King Kiththisena
520 AC-521 AC
King Siva II
521 AC-521 AC
King Upatissa II
521 AC-522 AC
King Silakala
522 AC-535 AC
King Datappabhuthi
535 AC-535 AC
King Mugalan II
535 AC-555 AC
King Kiththisirimegha
555 AC-573 AC
King Mahanaga
573 AC-575 AC
King Aggabodhi I
575 AC-608 AC
King Aggabodhi II
608 AC-618 AC
King Sangha Tissa II
618 AC-618 AC
King Mugalan III
618 AC-623 AC
King Silameghavanna
623 AC-632 AC
King Aggabodhi III
633 AC-643 AC
King Jetta Tissa III
633 AC-633 AC
King Datopathissa i
643 AC-650 AC
King Kassapa II
650 AC-659 AC
King Dappula I
659 AC-659 AC
King Datopathissa II
659 AC-667 AC
King Aggabodhi IV
667 AC-683 AC
King Daththa
683 AC-684 AC
King Haththadata
684 AC-684 AC
King Manavamma
684 AC-718 AC
King Aggabodhi V
718 AC-724 AC
King Kassapa III
724 AC-730 AC
King Mahinda I
730 AC-733 AC
King Aggabodhi VI
733 AC-772 AC
King Aggabodhi VII
772 AC-777 AC
King Mahinda II
777 AC-797 AC
King Udaya I
797 AC-801 AC
King Mahinda III
801 AC-804 AC
King Aggabodhi VIII
804 AC-815 AC
King Dappula II
815 AC-831 AC
King Aggabodhi IX
831 AC-833 AC
King Sena I
833 AC-853 AC
King Sena II
853 AC-887 AC
King Udaya II
887 AC-898 AC
King Kassapa IV
898 AC-914 AC
King Kassapa V
914 AC-923 AC
King Dappula III
923 AC-923 AC
King Dappula IV
923 AC-935 AC
King Udaya III
935 AC-938 AC
King Sena III
938 AC-946 AC
King Udaya IV
946 AC-954 AC
King Sena IV
954 AC-956 AC
King Mahinda IV
956 AC-972 AC
King Sena V
972 AC-982 AC
King Mahinda V
982 AC-1017 AC
Rajendra Chola I
1017 AC-1044 AC
Rajadhiraja Chola
1044 AC-1054 AC
Rajendra Chola II
1052 AC-1064 AC
Virarajendra Chola
1064 AC-1070 AC
Athirajendra Chola
1070 AC-1070 AC
King Wickramabahu I
1029 AC-1040 AC
King General Keerthi
1040 AC-1040 AC
King Mahalana Kiththi
1040 AC-1042 AC
King Wickrama Pandu
1042 AC-1043 AC
King Jagathpala
1043 AC-1046 AC
King Parakrama Pandu
1046 AC-1048 AC
King Lokissara
1048 AC-1054 AC
King Kesadhathu
1054 AC-1055 AC
King Vijayabahu I
1055 AC-1110 AC
King Jayabahu I
1110 AC-1111 AC
King Wickramabahu II
1111 AC-1132 AC
King Gajabahu II
1032 AC-1053 AC
King Parakramabahu I
1053 AC-1086 AC
King Vijayabahu II
1186 AC-1187 AC
King Mahinda VI
1187 AC-1187 AC
King Nissanka Malla
1187 AC-1196 AC
King Weerabahu I
1196 AC-1196 AC
King Wickramabahu III
1196 AC-1196 AC
King Chodaganga
1196 AC-1197 AC
Queen Leelawathie
1197 AC-1200 AC
King Sahasamalla
1200 AC-1202 AC
Queen Kalyanawathie
1202 AC-1208 AC
King Dharmasoka
1208 AC-1209 AC
King Anikanga
1209 AC-1209 AC
King Lokissara ii
1210 AC-1211 AC
King Parakrama Pandu II
1212 AC-1215 AC
King Kalinga Magha
1215 AC-1255 AC
King Vijayabahu III
1232 AC-1236 AC
King Parakramabahu II
1236 AC-1272 AC
King Vijayabahu IV
1272 AC-1274 AC
King Buvanekabahu I
1274 AC-1286 AC
King Parakramabahu III
1287 AC-1293 AC
King Buvanekabahu II
1293 AC-1302 AC
King Parakramabahu IV
1302 AC-1326 AC
-208.jpg)
King Buvanekabahu III (Vanni B
1326 AC-1335 AC
King Vijayabahu V
1335 AC-1341 AC
King Buvanekabahu IV
1341 AC-1359 AC
King Parakramabahu V
1344 AC-1359 AC
King Wickramabahu IV
1359 AC-1371 AC
King Buvanekabahu V
1371 AC-1407 AC
-544.jpg)
King Kumara Alakeshwara (Alake
1391 AC-1391 AC
King Weera Alakesvara
1397 AC-1411 AC
King Weerabahu II
1391 AC-1397 AC
King Parakramabahu Epa
1410 AC-1415 AC
King Parakramabahu VI
1415 AC-1467 AC
King Jayabahu II
1468 AC-1470 AC
King Buvanekabahu VI
1470 AC-1478 AC
King Panditha Parakramabahu VI
1478 AC-1484 AC
King Weera Parakramabahu VIII
1484 AC-1508 AC
King Darma Parakramabahu IX
1508 AC-1513 AC
King Vijayabahu VI
1513 AC-1521 AC
King Buvanekabahu VII
1521 AC-1551 AC
King Don Juwan Dharmapala
1551 AC-1597 AC
King Mayadunne
1551 AC-1581 AC
King Rajasinha I
1581 AC-1593 AC
King Rajasooriya
1593 AC-1593 AC
King Nikapitiye Bandara
1593 AC-1593 AC
King Wimaladharmasuriya I
1591 AC-1604 AC
King Senarat
1604 AC-1635 AC
King Rajasinha II
1635 AC-1687 AC
King Wimaladharmasuriya II
1687 AC-1707 AC
King Sri Weera Parakrama Naren
1707 AC-1739 AC
King Sri Wijaya Rajasingha
1739 AC-1747 AC
King Keerthi Sri Rajasingha
1747 AC-1782 AC
King Rajadhi Rajasinha
1782 AC-1798 AC
King Sri Wikrama Rajasinha
1798 AC-1815 AC
Pedro Lopes de Sousa
1594 AC-1594 AC
Joao da Silveira
1518 AC-1518 AC
Lopo de Brito
1518 AC-1522 AC
Fernao Gomes de Lemos
1522 AC-1524 AC
Joao Henriques
1551 AC-1552 AC
Diogo de Melo Coutinho
1552 AC-1552 AC
Duarte de Eca
1552 AC-1553 AC
Fernao Carvalho
1553 AC-1555 AC
Willem Jacobszoon Coster
1640 AC-1640 AC
Jan Thyszoon Payart
1640 AC-1646 AC
With the death of King Vijayabahu, who had unified the island, internal disorder and confusion began to arise in the country. It is clear that this situation emerged as a result of a power struggle among the princes. After King Vijayabahu, the kingship was bestowed upon his brother, Prince Jayabahu. He was the first king to appear under that name. In bringing about this appointment, the king’s sister Mitta, her three sons (Manabharana, Kitti Sirimegha, and Sirivallabha), the chief ministers, and the monks of the Ashta Vihara fraternities were involved. After Prince Jayabahu was enthroned, Prince Manabharana was granted the position of sub-king. Following the death of Prince Virabahu, who had served as sub-king under King Vijayabahu, Prince Jayabahu was appointed to the office of sub-king.
As King Vijayabahu had no other brothers, the right of succession after King Jayabahu lay with Prince Vikramabahu. However, Vikramabahu, the king’s son, who at this time was residing in Ruhuna as the Adipada (regional ruler), was disregarded. According to customary practice, this was contrary to the tradition that had prevailed until then. It appears that even the forest-dwelling (arannaka) monks, who enjoyed great respect in society, were involved in this conspiracy. The intention of Princess Mitta, the king’s sister who orchestrated this plan, was to place Prince Jayabahu on the throne while governing the country through her own son Manabharana, who had been appointed sub-king. It further appears that her objective was also to eliminate Prince Vikramabahu, the son of King Vijayabahu, who could have posed an obstacle to this plan.
According to long-standing custom, if a brother of the king was alive after the king’s death, kingship was granted to that brother, and once the line of brothers ended, the throne passed to the son of the eldest brother. Accordingly, the coronation of Prince Jayabahu was not improper; however, granting the office of sub-king to Prince Manabharana, a son of Mitta, was contrary to accepted practice. That position rightfully belonged to Prince Vijayabahu, the son of King Vijayabahu. This became the primary seed of the powerful conflict that arose, and another factor that intensified it was the entry into Ruhuna by Prince Manabharana and his two brothers, together with King Jayabahu, in an attempt to capture Prince Vikramabahu.
Professor Senarath Paranavitana comments on this matter as follows:
“On the side of Prince Manabharana, it may have been argued that he was both a son-in-law of King Vijayabahu and a descendant of the Sinhalese royal lineage, while Prince Vikramabahu belonged to the Kalinga lineage.”
Prince Manabharana was the son of Princess Mitta, the sister of King Vijayabahu. We know that her husband was a prince of the Pandya dynasty. Accordingly, when lineage is considered from the paternal side, Prince Manabharana was not connected to the Sinhalese royal lineage. Prince Vikramabahu was the son of Queen Tilokasundari of the Kalinga lineage, who was the consort of King Vijayabahu. Thus, from the paternal side, he was connected to the Sinhalese royal lineage. On this basis, no question could arise regarding Prince Vikramabahu’s right to the throne. However, it must not be overlooked that, under the influence of the Cholas during this period, there is evidence suggesting the emergence of a tendency to assert royal succession through the maternal line. Nevertheless, the conflict continued to intensify.
At this time, Prince Vikramabahu, who had not even been granted the opportunity to participate in his father’s final rites, lived in great distress. Hoping at least to see his father’s tomb, he set out for Polonnaruwa with a small group and arrived at a place called Kosbukkuwa near Guththala. There he encountered Prince Manabharana and his party, who had come to capture him. In the battle that ensued between the two sides, Prince Vikramabahu emerged victorious. The defeated Prince Manabharana fled but repeatedly re-engaged in battle. Fierce clashes took place at Adipadajambu (Dambagalla), Katagama (Katagamuwa), Kalavapi (this refers to the Kala Wewa in Ruhuna, which has not yet been conclusively identified), Uddhanadvara (Galabedda), and Pankavela (Mandavela). Having won all these battles, Prince Vikramabahu entered Polonnaruwa.
According to the Pujavaliya, the reign of King Jayabahu lasted fourteen years. An inscription found at Budumuttawa mentions his eighth regnal year. Furthermore, as Professor Senarath Paranavitana notes, inscriptions have also been found that record the thirty-eighth regnal year of King Jayabahu. However, it is not believed that this king occupied the throne for such a long period. Although he had received consecration, he was deposed, and King Vikramabahu, who ascended the throne thereafter, ruled Rajarata without receiving consecration. This may have been because King Jayabahu, the lawful ruler, was still alive. According to customary practice, when dating an inscription, the regnal years of a consecrated king were used. Dating by the reign of an unconsecrated king was considered contrary to established custom.
For this reason, Paranavitana points out that Kings Vikramabahu II and Gajabahu II dated their inscriptions according to the regnal years of King Jayabahu I, who was a consecrated king. Accordingly, some scholars argue that the reign of King Jayabahu I was not as long as suggested by the records. In a slab inscription found in a paddy field near Katahamuwewa, close to the road running from Kataragama to Sithulpawwa, mention is made of a person called Manabharana Devayan Vahanse. It is also stated that the grant mentioned therein was made in the thirty-fifth year of a king called Jayabahu Devayan Vahanse. The two individuals referred to have been identified as King Jayabahu mentioned earlier and Prince Manabharana, the eldest son of Princess Mitta. The reign of King Jayabahu should therefore be calculated by including the period during which he served as sub-king in Ruhuna. No records exist of any secular or religious works undertaken by this king.